It tends to make sense that molecular hydrogen has therapeutic potential. Interestingly, water, which is essential to life, 3 is formed by the combination of oxygen 20 (a powerful oxidizer 27 and essential for life 4) and hydrogen 20 (a powerful reducer 28 and essential to life 29). pH means the negative logarithmic concentration of the H 3O + species. This is what is responsible for the pH* of the water. It weighs over 12 times more, yet remains a gas while water weighing significantly less is a liquid at room temperature. It is one of the noble gases, yet its molar mass is 222 grams/mole. Water has a mass of only 18 grams/mole, which is really light, but yet is a liquid not a gas. This makes water have unique and important chemistry such as capillary action, dissolving ionic salts, high boiling point, etc. This is what makes water a polar molecule. 19 The hydrogen atoms have a partial positive charge. Because the oxygen has these electrons, it has high electronegativity, which gives it a partial negative charge. This is because the two lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom (black dots in figure) have electron repulsion that pushes the two hydrogen atoms closer together. The water molecule is bent to form an angle of 104.45°, 19 as opposed to the predicted 109.5. 16 Did you know that losing only 1%-2% of your bodyweight in water significantly impairs both athletic and cognitive performance? 17,18 9 Dehydration is also linked to infection and if overlooked, mortality may be greater than 50%. 14,15 Indeed, dehydration is a primary cause for the hospitalization of the elderly and in many patients it often results in fatalities. 14,15 The majority of these deaths have been attributed primarily to dehydration. In fact, the 2003 heat wave in Europe led to an excess of 50,000 deaths. It makes sense that maintaining optimal hydration is requisite for overall health and longevity. About 2/3 of the water in the body is intracellular and about 1/3 is extracellular. communication, signaling, cell metabolism, gene expression, etc.). Someone with a 55% totally body water can be more hydrated than someone with a 65% total body water because it is relative to each individual based on their body type. Optimal body hydration is important for optimal cell hydration and cell function 12,13 (i.e. The average adult is 55% to 75% water by weight the variation is due to gender, height, lean body and shape. It is used for maintaining body temperature, absorbing nutrients, eliminating wastes, 10 and many cellular processes including enzyme catalysis 11. 9 You can go without food for about a month however, going only three days without water can be fatal. 6 Indeed, water is virtually the most important nutrient for our health. 8 Obviously life would not exist without it. 6 Water in liquid state is the principle criteria for planetary habitability. 5 Its presence supports life, and its absence brings death. 4 Water is the life-giving fluid that is always at the heart of creation. 2 It is necessary for the functions of life 3 and for life to function. For example, because of these forces, water can flow up from the roots to the tops of plants to feed the plant.Water is the universal solvent 1 it can exist as a solid, liquid or gas. This is because the water molecules are attracted to the straw and therefore adhere to it.Ĭohesive and adhesive forces are important for sustaining life. You will notice that the water appears to be higher on the sides of the straw than in the middle. This is observed when water “climbs” up a straw placed in a glass of water. These cohesive forces are also related to the water’s property of adhesion, or the attraction between water molecules and other molecules. Notice the indentation in the water around the needle. \): The weight of a needle on top of water pulls the surface tension downward at the same time, the surface tension of the water is pulling it up, suspending the needle on the surface of the water and keeping it from sinking.
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